EU Packaging EPR — Country Guide

Does EU packaging EPR apply to your cross-border e-commerce business?

Every EU country where you sell or store packaged goods may require you to register with a national EPR packaging scheme. From 12 August 2026, the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) harmonises these requirements across all 27 member states — with fines of up to €200,000 and Amazon listing suspensions for non-compliance.

This page provides a reference overview of the 8 EU markets most relevant to cross-border e-commerce sellers — including Amazon FBA sellers, Shopify merchants, and any business shipping packaged goods into the EU. Whether your business is actually obligated to register — and in which countries — depends on your specific sales footprint, inventory locations, packaging volumes, and business structure.

Get your personalised EPR screening report — €179 →

PPWR Key Dates
11 Feb 2025
PPWR enters into force
12 Aug 2026 ⚠️
EPR registration mandatory. Core PPWR rules apply.
Aug 2027
Digital product passports required
2028
Harmonised labelling rules apply
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for packaging requires businesses placing packaged goods on EU markets to register with national compliance schemes and fund packaging waste collection and recycling. For cross-border sellers including Amazon FBA sellers, EPR obligations can be triggered by selling into an EU country, storing inventory there, or using Pan-EU FBA — which automatically distributes stock across multiple EU countries. Each country where you sell or store inventory may require a separate EPR registration.
The EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (Regulation EU 2025/40, known as PPWR) entered into force on 11 February 2025 and applies from 12 August 2026. It replaces the previous Packaging Directive and directly harmonises EPR requirements across all 27 EU member states. From this date, all businesses placing packaged goods on EU markets must be registered with the relevant national EPR scheme. Non-compliance risks fines up to €200,000 and Amazon listing suspension.
Yes — each EU country runs its own EPR scheme with its own registration system, Producer Responsibility Organisation (PRO), and reporting requirements. A registration in Germany does not cover France, Italy, or any other country. Whether your business is actually obligated to register in each specific country depends on your sales footprint, inventory locations, packaging volumes, and business structure.
Non-compliance consequences vary by country but can include fines, sales bans, and Amazon listing suspensions. Germany's LUCID register is publicly searchable — Amazon validates LUCID numbers and may restrict listings for non-registered sellers. Under PPWR from August 2026, non-registration penalties become harmonised across all EU member states with fines of up to €200,000.
That depends on your specific business — where you sell, where your FBA inventory is stored, your annual packaging volumes, your product categories, and whether you sell under your own brand. EPR Compass delivers a personalised country-by-country EPR obligation screening based on your exact profile, covering 8 EU markets, for a fixed fee of €179.
No — VAT and EPR are entirely separate regulatory regimes. VAT is a tax on sales. EPR is an environmental obligation on the producer of packaged goods. You can be fully VAT-compliant and have zero EPR registrations in place. Both require separate assessment and separate registrations in each relevant EU country.

EU Packaging EPR Schemes — 8 Key Markets for Cross-border Sellers

Official PRO schemes and registration portals for the EU countries most relevant to cross-border e-commerce sellers — including Amazon FBA sellers, Shopify merchants, and any business shipping packaged goods into the EU. Whether your business needs to register in any of these countries requires a personalised assessment.

Note: This is a reference guide only. Whether your business is obligated to register in any country requires a personalised assessment of your specific profile.

Get Personalised EPR Screening — €179
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Germany
PRO Scheme: LUCID / Stiftung Zentrale Stelle Verpackungsregister
Active enforcement — LUCID numbers validated by Amazon
Official registration portal
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France
PRO Scheme: CITEO
Active enforcement — one of the strictest EPR regimes in the EU
Official registration portal
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Netherlands
PRO Scheme: Verpact
Enforcement increasing — thresholds changing under PPWR from August 2026
Official registration portal
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Italy
PRO Scheme: CONAI (Consorzio Nazionale Imballaggi)
Active enforcement — applies to all producers and importers
Official registration portal
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Spain
PRO Scheme: ECOEMBES
Active — PPWR alignment in progress
Official registration portal
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Poland
PRO Scheme: BDO Registry
Enforcement increasing — PPWR alignment underway
Official registration portal
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Belgium
PRO Scheme: Fost Plus
Active — PPWR alignment in progress
Official registration portal
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Czech Republic
PRO Scheme: EKO-KOM
Active — PPWR alignment in progress
Official registration portal

Get a personalised EPR screening for your business

This guide tells you what the schemes are. EPR Compass tells you whether — and where — your specific business needs to register.